Is the "burnout epidemic" an academic fiction? A Systematic Review of Tools for Estimating the Prevalence and Assessment of Burnout and Introduction of New Instruments
Subject Areas :
Simindokht Kalani
1
,
ziba karimi
2
,
mahnaz ahmadi
3
1 - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
2 - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
3 - Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
Keywords: Burnout, Assessment Tools, Systematic Review,
Abstract :
Despite the time that has passed since the introduction and conceptualization of burnout syndrome and the vast amount of research conducted, its definition and measurement remain controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine and compare the psychometric properties of ten burnout assessment tools. A systematic search was conducted across databases including PsycINFO, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Medline, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Ovid to identify studies aimed at developing and publishing a burnout questionnaire. The search strategies resulted in 1,202 potentially eligible studies. The titles and abstracts of these studies were screened, leading to the identification of 11 potential studies for inclusion. The various forms of validity and reliability of each tool, as presented in the original version developed by the authors, were then evaluated. The sensitivity or cutoff point for distinguishing between clinical and non-clinical cases, as well as the consistency between the conceptualization and measurement of burnout in each tool, were examined. The study found that the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) has the most robust psychometric properties, with AVEM and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI) following. The BAT is consistent in its conceptualization and measurement of burnout and includes a cutoff point for diagnosis. In contrast, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) lacks a cutoff point, has inadequate psychometric properties, and significant flaws. The study recommends that future researchers use more reliable tools for assessing and studying burnout to achieve accurate and practical outcomes.
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