مهندسی هدفمند چارچوبهای فلز–آلی متخلخل برای کاهش و تبدیل فتوکاتالیزگری کربن دیاکسید
محورهای موضوعی : پلیمرها در انرژی و کاربردهای بهداشتی و محیطی
وحید صفری فرد
1
,
مائده عطوفی کاشانی
2
,
راحیل شکوهیان
3
1 - دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران
2 - دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران
3 - دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران
کلید واژه: کاهش فتوکاتالیزگری CO2, چارچوبهای فلز-آلی (MOFs), کامپوزیتهای پیشرفته, مواد مشتقشده از MOF, انتقال بار.,
چکیده مقاله :
نور خورشید بهعنوان یک منبع انرژی پاک و تجدیدپذیر، میتواند نقش مؤثری در تبدیل گاز گلخانهای کربندیاکسید (CO2) به محصولات باارزش افزوده بالا از طریق فرآیند فتوکاتالیزگری ایفا کند. این رویکرد نهتنها از دیدگاه اقتصادی حائز اهمیت است و امکان تولید سوختهای شیمیایی و مواد اولیهی صنعتی را فراهم میآورد، بلکه بهعنوان یک راهکار جذاب و پایدار برای مقابله با انتشار بیرویهی CO2 که عامل اصلی گرمایش زمین و تغییرات اقلیمی محسوب میشود، نیز قابلتوجه است. در این میان، فتوکاتالیزگرهای مبتنی بر پلیمرهای کئوردیناسیونی متخلخل[1] (PCPs) یا چارچوبهای فلز-آلی[2] (MOFs) بهدلیل ویژگیهای منحصربهفردی همچون تخلخل بسیار بالا، سطح ویژهی قابلتوجه و ساختار شیمیایی قابلتنظیم، پتانسیل استثنایی در زمینهی احیای فتوکاتالیزگری CO2 از خود نشان دادهاند. در این مطالعهی مروری، پیشرفتهای اخیر حاصلشده در طراحی منطقی فتوکاتالیزگرهای مبتنی بر MOF شامل سه دستهی اصلی مواد MOF خالص، کامپوزیتهای برپایهی MOF و مشتقات حاصل از MOF، بهطور سیستماتیک خلاصهسازی و دستهبندی گردیدهاند. همچنین، راهبردهای اصلاحی نوینی که برای بهبود عملکرد فتوکاتالیزگری این ترکیبات توسعه یافتهاند، از جمله استراتژیهایی برای اصلاح پیوند و گرههای فلزی، تشکیل لایههای فلز-آلی و کامپوزیتسازی، بهطور ویژه برجسته شدهاند تا چارچوبی جامع برای طراحی نسل بعدی فتوکاتالیزگرهای کارآمد در مسیر کاهش CO2 فراهم آید.
[1] Porous Coordination Polymers
[2] Metal-Organic frameworks
Sunlight, as a clean and renewable energy source, can play an effective role in converting the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide (CO₂) into high-value-added products through the photocatalytic process. This approach is not only economically significant, enabling the production of chemical fuels and industrial raw materials, but it is also noteworthy as an attractive and sustainable strategy to combat the excessive release of CO₂, which is the primary driver of global warming and climate change. In this context, the utilization of solar-driven photocatalysis offers a viable route to address both energy and environmental challenges simultaneously. Among the diverse range of photocatalytic materials developed to date, photocatalysts based on porous coordination polymers (PCPs) or metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have demonstrated exceptional potential in the field of photocatalytic CO₂ reduction, owing to their unique characteristics such as ultra-high porosity, considerable specific surface area, and tunable chemical structures. These structural advantages enable precise modulation of their surface active sites, which are crucial for enhancing photocatalytic efficiency and product selectivity. In this review study, recent advances in the rational design of MOF-based photocatalysts—including three main categories: pristine MOF materials, MOF-based composites, and MOF-derived derivatives—are systematically summarized and classified. Furthermore, novel modification strategies developed to improve the photocatalytic performance of these compounds, including approaches for linker and metal-node engineering, formation of metal–organic layers, and composite fabrication, are specifically highlighted.
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