طراحی و اعتبارسنجی الگوی آموزش اثربخش رؤسای زندانهای کشور: پژوهشی آمیخته
الموضوعات : روش های نوین آموزش وتوسعه منابع انسانی
جواد کیهان
1
,
محسن شمس
2
,
ابراهیم صالحی عمران
3
1 - دانشیار گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم تربیتی، واحد ارومیه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ارومیه، ایران
3 - دانشگاه مازندران
الکلمات المفتاحية: آموزش اثربخش, رؤسای زندانها, نظریه دادهبنیاد, جانشینپروری, شایستگیمحوری,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف اصلی این پژوهش، طراحی الگویی اثربخش، بومی و زمینهمحور برای آموزش رؤسای زندان در جمهوری اسلامی ایران است. این مطالعه از نظر هدف، توسعهای-کاربردی و از حیث روش، کیفی با راهبرد نظریهپردازی دادهبنیاد (گراندد تئوری) به شیوه نظاممند اشتراوس و کوربین (نسخه ۲۰۱۵) است. مشارکتکنندگان شامل ۲۱ نفر از خبرگان حوزه زندانبانی، سیاستگذاری کیفری، آموزش منابع انسانی و مدیران باسابقه سازمان زندانها بودند که با روش نمونهگیری هدفمند و تکنیک گلولهبرفی انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری دادهها مصاحبه نیمهساختیافته بود و تحلیل دادهها در سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی انجام گرفت. برای اعتبارسنجی یافتهها از روش تطبیق مشارکتکنندگان، تحلیل همگرایی مفهومی، و بررسی بازخورد استفاده شد. همچنین بهمنظور ارتقاء استحکام ساختاری مدل و تحلیل ارتباط میان مؤلفهها، از مدلسازی ساختاری–تفسیری (ISM) و تحلیل اثر-وابستگی (MICMAC) بهره گرفته شد. یافتهها به شناسایی 628 کد باز، 108 کد محوری و 29 کد انتخابی منجر شد. بر اساس الگوی پارادایمی، ضعف نظام آموزشی موجود، شکاف دانش و مهارت، و غیبت ارزیابی اثربخش، از جمله چالشهای اساسی شناسایی شدند. مدل نهایی ارائهشده، از منظری چندسطحی، عناصر علی، زمینهای، مداخلهگر، راهبردی و پیامدی را در قالب الگویی تلفیقی و بومی سازماندهی میکند. در تحلیل ISM نیز متغیرهایی همچون توانمندی مربیان، استفاده از فناوری آموزشی، و انگیزش مدیران در زمره متغیرهای با قدرت نفوذ بالا قرار گرفتند که نقش کلیدی در فعالسازی و هدایت نظام آموزش ایفا میکنند. الگوی نهایی پژوهش، مدلی چندبعدی است که آموزش رؤسای زندان را بر پایه شایستگیهای واقعی، یادگیری موقعیتی، فناوریپایه و ارزشیابی مستمر بازتعریف میکند.
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