اهميت مطالعات ژئوشيمي سطحي در اکتشافات ذخاير هيدروکربني: با ذکر مطالعه موردي در استان خوزستان، جنوب غرب ايران
محورهای موضوعی : زمین شناسی نفتزینب علیزاده 1 , بهمن سلیمانی 2 , بهزاد خانی 3
1 - گروه زمین شناسی نفت و حوضه¬های رسوبی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز
2 - استاد گروه زمين شناسي نفت و حوضه¬هاي رسوبي، دانشگاه شهيد چمران اهواز، اهواز، ايران
3 - مدیر فنی شرکت انرژی پژوهان آریانا، اهواز
کلید واژه: ژئوشیمی سطحی, ریزنشت, فروافتادگی دزفول, آنالیز میکروبی, گاز خاک جذب شده,
چکیده مقاله :
مطالعات ژئوشيمي سطحي از ابزارهاي مهم در تمام مراحل اکتشاف پتانسيل هيدروکربني از شناسايي حوضه پيشاني (فورلند) تا اکتشاف دقيق، و چشمانداز بر اساس شار احتمالي هيدروکربنها، شناسايي زونهاي فرعي در ميادين بالغ، نظارت بر زهکشي هيدروکربنهاي مرتبط با توليد در طول زمان بشمار مي رود. در مطالعه کنوني، پيش بيني پتانسيل هيدروکربني ناحيهاي در شمال شرق خوزستان (جنوب شرق فروافتادگي دزفول) با استفاده از آناليز گاز خاک نمونه هاي جمع آوري شده (تعداد 62 نمونه) انجام شده است. سنجش مقادير گازخاک با استفاده از روشهاي استخراج اسيد (AE) و بررسي ميکروبي و استخراج ژن آنها (MT1-MT2) است. تحليل دادهها نشان داد که تغييرات پارامترهاي آناليز MT2 در امتداد خطوط نمونه برداري در نمودارهاي هيستوگرامي کج شدگي مثبت را بواسطه وجود آنومالي ژئوشيمي سطحي و حضور هيدروکربن در مخازن احتمالي نشان ميدهد. نسبتهاي اتان در مقابل متان، اتان در مقابل پروپان و c1/c2+c3 در مقابل c2/c3+c4 نشان دهنده نوع هيدروکربن به دام افتاده در مخازن زير زميني مي باشند. بر اساس دادههاي حاصل، نمونههاي محدوده مطالعاتي در محدوده مخازن نفتي و در مواردي مخازن نفتي همراه با گاز قرار ميگيرند. مخازن هيدرروکربني براساس نسبت استاندارد c3/c1×1000، با دارا بودن محدوده 20-200، تجمع هيدروکربني با اکثريت هيدروکربن هاي مايع و در مواردي همراه با گاز را نشان ميدهند. براساس logc1/(c2+c3) در مقابل logc2/(c3+c4) نيز نشان دهنده غالب بودن هيدرروکربن مايع و در موارد کمتري هيدروکربنهاي گازي همراه با نفت ميباشد. تغييرات داده هاي پارامترهاي آناليز MT1 در امتداد خطوط نمونه برداري نيز حاکيي از وجود انطباق خوب ميان آنومالي بالاي اين پارامترها با عوارض ساختاري زمين شناسي زيرسطحي (گسل) است. نتايج کنوني نشانه غالب بودن نمونهها در محدوده هيدروکربن هاي مايع و در مواردي همراه با کلاهک گازي است. هرچند تعداد معدودي از نمونه ها خصوصيات هيدروکربني با مشخصات نفت سنگين و همچنين آلودگيهاي سطحي را نشان ميدهند. بطورکلي نتايج تمامي روشهاي مورد استفاده در پيش بيني آنومالي گاز خاک تطابق خوبي را با عناصر ساختاري ناحيه نشان داده، لذا ابزار مفيدي براي شناسايي و رصد گسلهاي پنهان در سطح ميتواند محسوب گردد.
Surface geochemical studies are important tools in all stages of hydrocarbon potential exploration, from foreland basin identification to detailed exploration, and prospecting based on probable hydrocarbon flux, identification of sub-zones in mature fields, and monitoring of hydrocarbon drainage associated with production over time. In the current study, regional hydrocarbon potential prediction in northeastern Khuzestan (southeast of Dezful embeymant) was performed using soil gas analysis of collected samples (62 samples). Soil gas values were measured using acid extraction (AE) methods, microbial investigation and gene extraction (MT1-MT2). Data analysis showed that the changes in MT2 analysis parameters along the sampling lines in the histogram plots show a positive skew due to the presence of surface geochemical anomalies and the presence of hydrocarbons in potential reservoirs. The ratios of ethane to methane, ethane to propane, and c1/c2+c3 to c2/c3+c4 indicate the type of hydrocarbon trapped in the subsurface reservoirs. Based on the obtained data, the samples of the study area are located in the range of oil reservoirs and in some cases oil reservoirs with gas. Hydrocarbon reservoirs based on the standard ratio c3/c1×1000, with a range of 20-200, show hydrocarbon accumulation with a majority of liquid hydrocarbons and in some cases with gas. Based on logc1/(c2+c3) versus logc2/(c3+c4), it also shows the dominance of liquid hydrocarbons and in less cases gaseous hydrocarbons with oil. The changes in the MT1 analysis parameter data along the sampling lines also indicate a good correspondence between the high anomaly of these parameters and the subsurface geological structural features (faults). The current results indicate that the samples are dominated by liquid hydrocarbons and in some cases with a gas cap. However, a few samples show hydrocarbon characteristics with heavy oil characteristics as well as surface contamination. In general, the results of all methods used in soil gas anomaly prediction showed good agreement with the structural elements of the area, so it can be considered a useful tool for identifying and monitoring hidden faults at the surface.
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